In the center of Luža Square, on the eastern end of Stradun, is Orlando’s Column, a historic stone monument dating back to 1418. Carved into the statue is a heroic medieval knight who defended Dubrovnik from invaders.
In 1418, Bonino di Jacopo, an Italian master sculptor from Milan, built the column with the help of local sculptor Antun Dubrovčanin.
The statue depicts a knight known as Orlando in Italian or Roland in French. Roland is famous in medieval literature, particularly in the French epic poem ‘Song of Roland’ (‘Chanson de Roland’).
In the poem, the knight Roland is a legendary hero celebrated for his bravery and heroic deeds. According to legend, Roland saved Dubrovnik from invaders in a battle near Lokrum Island.
Though the legend was not true, the myth of Roland spread across Dubrovnik over time. This resulted in the construction of the column, symbolizing the city’s freedom, independence, and protection from invaders.
The column, about 5 meters (16.4 feet) tall, features Orlando holding a sword and shield, symbolizing protection and bravery.
During the Republic of Ragusa, citizens used Orlando’s right forearm as a standard unit of measurement, known as the ‘lakat.’
Merchants used this length, 51.25 cm, to measure fabric and other commodities, highlighting the column’s essential role in the city’s commercial activities. The measurement is also marked on the base of the column.
Other than commercial activities, the small platform on the column saw civic and governmental proclamations. Announcements made included legal decrees, public notices, and judicial sentences.
During events, including the Dubrovnik Summer Festival and the Feast of St. Blaise, the Libertas flag is flown atop the column, symbolizing the city’s independence and freedom.